蹄盖蕨属，学名：Athyrium Roth，为水龙骨目、蹄盖蕨科下级分类。

陆生，中型草本植物。根状茎短，多为直立，少有横走或斜升，罕细长而横走；叶簇生，罕近生或远生。

叶柄长，基部往往加粗，背面隆起腹面凹陷，两侧边缘有瘤状气囊体各一行，向下变为尖削，少为圆柱形，有时无气囊体，向下不尖削；横切面有2条维管束，呈八字形排列，向叶轴连合呈U字形；叶柄基部被鳞片，鳞片红褐色、深褐色或黑褐色，卵状披针形、长钻形或线状披针形，全缘，由厚壁的狭长细胞构成，膜质，基部着生；叶柄上面有1条纵沟，向上直通叶轴，沟内往往被短腺毛；叶片卵形、长圆形或阔披针形，一回至三回羽状，各回羽片基部合生或分离，通常以锐角沿各回羽轴下面圆形，上面有1条深纵沟，两侧边缘呈刀口状的隆起，但与其上一回羽轴（或主脉）汇合处有1断裂缺口，彼此互通，其下无或有1个肉质的刺状凸起。叶脉分离，叉状或羽状，小脉伸达锯齿顶端。叶干后常为草质，少为纸质或革质，两面通常光滑，罕被鳞片或毛，唯叶轴、羽轴和小羽轴（或主脉）上往往被有短腺毛。

孢子囊群圆形、圆肾形、马蹄形、弯勾形、长圆形或短线形，背生、侧生或横跨小脉上；囊群盖圆肾形、马蹄形、弯勾形、新月形、长圆形或短线形，褐色，膜质，边缘啮蚀状或有睫毛，少为全缘，通常宿存，罕无囊群盖或囊群盖不发育。孢子两面型，极面观为椭圆形，赤道面观为豆形，周壁表面具褶皱或无褶皱。

染色体基数x=40

杂交是造成本属分类困难的原因之一，在日本已报道有60多个杂种，中国究竟有多少杂种还有待进一步研究。

属的模式种：Athyrium filix-femina (L.) Roth——Polypodium filix-femina L.

蹄盖蕨组Sect. Athyrium S. K. Wu et R. C. Ching

疏叶蹄盖蕨组Sect. Dissitifolia (X. C. Zhang) Z. R. Wang

海南蹄盖蕨组Sect. Hainanensia Z. R. Wang

川滇蹄盖蕨组Sect. Mackinnoniana (Ching et Y. T. Hsieh) Z. R. Wang

小蹄盖蕨组Sect. Minima Z. R. Wang

多羽蹄盖蕨组Sect. Multipinna Z. R. Wang

日本蹄盖蕨组Sect. Niponica Ching et Y. T. Hsieh

刺蹄盖蕨组Sect. Otophora Z. R. Wang

裸囊蹄盖蕨组Sect. Pachyphylla Z. R. Wang

篦齿蹄盖蕨组Sect. Pectinata (Ching et Hsieh) Z. R. Wang

耳状蹄盖蕨组Sect. Polystichoides Ching et Y. T. Hsieh

狭基蹄盖蕨组Sect. Stenopoda Z. R. Wang

毛叶蹄盖蕨组Sect. Suprapubescentia Z. R. Wang

黑秆蹄盖蕨组Sect. Wallichiana (X. C. Zhang) Z. R. Wan

Athyrium × akiense Sa.Kurata

Athyrium × amagi-pedis Sa.Kurata

Athyrium × anceps Sa.Kurata

Athyrium × austrojaponense Sa.Kurata

Athyrium × awatae Seriz.

Athyrium × bicolor Seriz.

Athyrium × boreo-occidentali-indobharaticola-birianum Fraser-Jenk.

Athyrium × calophyllum Sa.Kurata ex Seriz.

Athyrium × cornopteroides Sa.Kurata

Athyrium × decurrentiserratum K.Hori

Athyrium × dixitii Fraser-Jenk.

Athyrium × drepanopteroides Fraser-Jenk.

Athyrium × flavosorum Seriz.

Athyrium × fuscopaleaceum Sa.Kurata

Athyrium × glabrescens Seriz.

Athyrium × gurungae Fraser-Jenk.

Athyrium × hisatsuanum Sa.Kurata

Athyrium × ikutae Sa.Kurata

Athyrium × inabaense Seriz.

Athyrium × inouei Sa.Kurata

Athyrium × kathmanduense Fraser-Jenk.

Athyrium × kawabatae Sa.Kurata

Athyrium × kawabataeoides Sa.Kurata

Athyrium × kidoanum Sa.Kurata

Athyrium × langtangense Fraser-Jenk.

Athyrium × lantangense Fraser-Jenk.

Athyrium × lobulosoimpolitum Fraser-Jenk.

Athyrium × manickamii Fraser-Jenk.

Athyrium × mantoniae Fraser-Jenk.

Athyrium × masachikanum (Sa.Kurata) Seriz.

Athyrium × masayukianum Sa.Kurata

Athyrium × megayakusimense Sa.Kurata

Athyrium × meghalaicum Fraser-Jenk.

Athyrium × mentiens Sa.Kurata

Athyrium × minakuchii Sa.Kurata

Athyrium × multifidum Rosenst.

Athyrium × neoelegans Sa.Kurata

Athyrium × nepalense Fraser-Jenk.

Athyrium × paludicola Sa.Kurata ex Seriz.

Athyrium × petiolulatum Sa.Kurata

Athyrium × pichisermollianum Fraser-Jenk.

Athyrium × pokharense Fraser-Jenk.

Athyrium × pseudobipinnatum K.Hori

Athyrium × pseudoiseanum Sa.Kurata

Athyrium × pseudopinetorum Seriz.

Athyrium × pseudospinescens Seriz.

Athyrium × pseudowardii Seriz.

Athyrium × purpurascens (Tagawa) Sa.Kurata

Athyrium × purpureipes Sa.Kurata

Athyrium × pygmaei-silvae Sa.Kurata

Athyrium × quaesitum Sa.Kurata

Athyrium × reichsteinii Schneller & Rasbach

Athyrium × saitoanum (Sugim.) Seriz.

Athyrium × sanjappae Fraser-Jenk.

Athyrium × satsumense Seriz.

Athyrium × sefuricola Sa.Kurata

Athyrium × shiibaense (Seriz.) Nakaike

Athyrium × shikoku-montanum Seriz.

Athyrium × simlense Fraser-Jenk.

Athyrium × sledgei Fraser-Jenk.

Athyrium × subchristensenianum K.Hori

Athyrium × subcrassipes Seriz.

Athyrium × tokashikii Sa.Kurata

Athyrium × tsurutanum Sa.Kurata

Athyrium × undulatipinnulum Seriz.

Athyrium × watanabei Seriz.

Athyrium × yakuinsulare Sa.Kurata

Athyrium × yakumonticola Sa.Kurata

Anisocampium C.Presl in Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., ser. 5, 6: 58 (1851)

× Apseudathyrium Xia Wan & Li Bing Zhang in Phytotaxa 575: 104 (2022)

× Cornoathyrium Nakaike in New Fl. Jap. Pterid.: 840 (1992)

Cornopteris Nakai in Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 44: 7 (1930)

Ephemeropteris R.C.Moran & Sundue in Taxon 68: 432 (2019)

Kuniwatsukia Pic.Serm. in Webbia 28: 455 (1973)

Microchlaena Ching in Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. 8: 322 (1938), nom. illeg.

Neoathyrium Ching & Z.R.Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 20: 76 (1982)

Oligocampia Trevis. in Atti Reale Ist. Veneto Sci. Lett. Arti, ser. 2, 2: 165 (1851)

Pseudathyrium Newman in Phytologist 4: 370 (1851)

Pseudocystopteris Ching in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 9: 76 (1964)

× Schnellerathyrium Hong M.Liu, Schuettp. & H.Schneid. in J. Syst. Evol. 58: 999 (2020), not validly publ.