南开大学人口与发展研究所，由著名人口学家、经济学家、中国首位人口经济学博士生导师李竞能先生创建，是全国第一家人口与发展研究所。

南开大学人口与发展研究所成立于1983年，是全国第一家人口与发展研究所，其前身是1979年11月李竞能先生创建的人口理论研究室，是一家致力于教学、科研和社会服务的学术研究机构，首任所长由著名人口学家、经济学家、中国首位人口经济学博士生导师李竞能先生担任。

该所设有人口、资源与环境经济学，人口社会学和劳动经济学等三个研究室；挂靠单位有南开大学老龄发展战略研究中心，南开大学人力资本研究中心，以及天津市人力资源开发协会。开设人口、资源与环境经济学，劳动经济学等两个二级学科。研究内容包括人口经济学理论，人口变化及其与经济发展的关系，人口资源环境与可持续发展之间的关系，人口政策；人类迁徙和城市化，人力资本，劳动力市场与就业，人力资源开发与管理；婚姻与家庭，社会与性别，妇女与发展问题；人口老龄化和社会保障等。

该所在人口经济学、人口老龄化等研究领域享有较高声誉。研究人员担任学界重要领导职务，主持多项国家级重点研究项目，并获得了包括中华人口奖在内的诸多奖项。已与国家卫生健康委员会、国家统计局、中国老龄协会、人力资源和社会保障部、教育部、中华全国妇女联合会，以及天津市相关政府部门等建立密切合作关系。该研究所还与许多外国学术机构和非政府组织保持密切的学术交流。

现（曾）任教于该所的著名学者有：李竞能（著名人口学家、经济学家、中国首位人口经济学博士生导师、前中国人口学会副会长），原新（人口学家、经济学家、中国人口学会副会长）、李建民（人口学家、经济学家、前中国人口学会副会长）、谭琳（全国妇联副主席）等。

Founded in 1983, Institute of Population and Development of Nankai University is an academic research institution mainly focusing on teaching, scientific research and social services. It has set up three research offices, including the research offices for population, resource and environmental economics, sociology of population, and labor economics. The institute is affiliated to the Aging Development Strategy Research Center and the Human Capital Research Center at Nankai University, and Tianjin Human Resource Development Association.

The institute has two second-level disciplines: population, resource and environmental economics, and labor economics. Its main research topics include the theory of demographic economics, demographic change and its relationship with economic development; the relationship between population, resource, environment and sustainable development; population policy; human migration and urbanization; human capital, labor market and employment, human resource development and management; marriage and family, society and gender, women and development issues; population aging and social security issues.

The institute has made remarkable achievements in its research work and enjoys a high reputation in academia for the research on human capital and population aging. The teachers have presided over a number of key national research projects and won many awards, including the China Population Award. The institute has established close relations with relevant state ministries, such as the National Population and Family Planning Commission, the National Bureau of Statistics, the China National Committee on Ageing, the Ministry of Labor and Social Security, the Ministry of Personnel, the All-China Women's Federation, and relevant government departments in Tianjin. The institute has also maintained frequent academic exchanges with many foreign academic institutions and non-governmental organizations.